Hinge



J. RASKIN June 16, 1953 HINGE Filed May 12, 1950 INVENTQR.

WA TTORNE) Patented June 16, 1953 UNITED STATES PATENT- OFFICE HINGE v Joseph Raskin, Brooklyn, N. Y. Application May 12. 1950, Serial No. 161,549

2 Claims. (01. 16-134) v This invention relates to hinges, particularly adjustable hinges, and more especially self-closing door adjustable hinges. H

A principal object of this inventionis to provide a hinge which will include means for causing the'door to which it is attached to be self-closing.

A further object of the invention is to provide a device of the type specified which will include means for adjusting the vertical position of a door:

, A further object of the invention is to provide a device'of the type specified by which the celerity of closing a door may be regulated.

Other objects and advantages will appear as the description of the particular physical embodiment selected to illustrate the invention progresses and the novel featureswill be particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In describing the invention in detail and the particular physical embodiment selected to illustrate the invention, reference will be had to the accompanying drawings and the several views thereon, in which like characters of 7 reference designate like parts throughout the several views, and in which: 7

Figure 1 is a fragmentary view of a door frame and door with hinges embodying my invention applied thereto; Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view of the device as shown in Fig. l on the plane indicated by the line II---II, viewed in the direction of the arrows at the ends of the line; Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view of the device as shown in Fig. 1 on the plane indicated by the line III-'-III, viewed in the direction of the arrows at the ends of the line; Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view of the device as shown in Fig. 1 on the plane indicated by the line IV-'-IV, viewed in the direction of the arrows at the ends of the line; Fig. 5 is a cross sectional view of the device as shown in Fig. 1 on the plane indicated by the line V V, viewed in the direction of the arrows at the ends of the line.

Those familiar with the construction of door frames; doors, and hinges therefor are aware that the settling of buildings often distorts the door frames therein and causes the door to rub too strongly either at the top or at the bottom of the door frame and that means for easily remedying this difficulty are quite desirable especially in the case of doors which are sheathed with metal as it is a very expensive operation to take material off, either from the top or the bottom of a metal sheathed door.

Applicants invention provides a means whereby a door may be adjusted vertically when rubbing occurs. s

It is also well known b'y those familiar with door frames and doors and hinges that itis very frequently desirable to cause a door to be selfclosing; especially what is known as a fire door, that is, a door sheathed with metal and intended to be kept constantly closed except for brief moments when a person is passing throughthe opening provided therefor.

Applicants invention provides a means as a part of the hinges for causing a door to be selfclosing and further embodies means for adjusting the celerity of closing.

In Figure 1, numeral I designates a door frame andZ designates a'door.

Applicant's invention, in its preferred form, contemplates two hinges, one, A, at the top of the door, and the other, B, at the bottom of the door. Both of these hinges are made in an identical manner except that a torsion or torque I means'therein, preferably in the form of a helically wound spring, is made, what might be called right-handed in one hinge and left-handed in the other hinge, so that one, in a sense, tends to close the door to which it is attached, and the other, tends to restrain the closing.

The hinge A includes a leaf 3 adapted to be attached in any suitable or appropriate manner as by screws 28 to a door frame. This leaf 3 includes a hollow cylinder 4 opening at the top 5 and opening at the bottom 6. This cylinder also has a through bore! in its wall adapted for the reception -of a pin.

The leaf 8 is adapted to be attached to a door by any suitable or appropriate means as by screws 9.

The leaf 8 is provided-with a projecting boss 9'. This boss is formed with a through bore l0.

and also with a cavity H. The boss 9' has a portion I2 which is positioned in the lower end of the cylinder 4 and is rotatable therein. It preferablyfi-ts' the cylinder closely so as not to allow any great amount of side motion, but still rotate freely. The boss 9 also has an end face l3.

At the top of the cylinder there is a cap M which is formed with a portion I5 positioned within the cylinder and fitting it closely but r0- tatably. The 'cap I4 is further provided with a flange l6 which rests upon the top of the cylinder. The cap 14 is further provided with a through threaded bore IT.

The 'cap it is formed with a longitudinal cavity 2! adapted*for' the: reception of the end of a spring. Capil l is also formed with a plurality of radial cavities 22, as best shown in Fig. '3, adapted for the reception of a pin.

The bolt"! 8 passes through the "through bore ll! of the boss '9 and extends up through the cylinder 4 and is screw-threaded through the threaded bore of the cap 14 and extends up beyond the cap. This bolt has a head H! which rests against the end face l3 of the boss 9'. 0n the upper end of the bolt is a lockingnutw.

A helically wound spring 23 is positioned within the cylinder 4 surrounding the bolt 13 and has 3 one end 24 positioned in the cavity H and the other end 25 positioned in the cavity 2|.

After the bolt 18 and the cap I4 are positioned as shown in Fig. 1, and the locking nut 20 is put in place, the cap I4 is rotated so as to put a tension on the spring 23. This is done by rotating nut 29 together with bolt [8 and cap M as one. When a sufiicient rotation of M is accomplished a locking pin 26 is inserted through the bore 1 in the wall of the cylinder i and into the appropriate one of the radial cavities 22 in the cap it so that the cap is held in rotated position and the spring is also held in twisted position. This twisting is made sufiicient to generate the required torque.

The spring 23. is wound in such direction that its unwinding torque is exerted to close the door when the door is open 01' to keep it closed when it is closed, that is, swing the door from the full line position as shown in Fig. 3 to the dash-dot line as shown in Fig. 3.

All of the parts of hinge B are precisely like those of hinge A except that the spring 21 is a lighter spring than spring 23 and i wound in a direction reverse to that of spring 23. The spring 21 is initially twisted so as to generate torque by turning the cap 14, but this twist is in the opposite direction to that of the twist given to cap 14 of hinge A.

A door equipped with my hinges will preferably have the heavier door-closing spring, as 23, at the top and have the lighter door-restraining spring 27 at the bottom. When the door is closed, spring 23 will have a slight twist or tension so that it does exert a slight door-closing torque. When the door is closed the spring 27 will be twisted and will exert a slight door-opening torque. When the door is fully opened, the spring 23 will be given a much greater twist so that it tends to more strongly exert a torque to close the door. When the door is opened the spring 27 will be, in a sense, untwisted, that is, it will exert a minimum of torque tending to restrain the closing of the door. As the door closes the force of spring 23 decreases but the force of spring 21 increases, so that the result is that the door closes without a bang.

The twists given to the springs 23 and 27 can be nicely adjusted so that regardless of the weight of the door it may be made to close rapidly or slowly and with somewhat of a bang or softly. In short, the celerity of closing of the door may be adjusted, as desired, and the force with which the door strikes the jamb may be adjusted.

If the door sags or the frame becomes distorted so that the bottom of the door either scrapes against the saddle below or the frame above the top of the door, the door may be adjusted vertically to obviate the undesired condition. The adjustment is made by first releasing lock nut 20 and then turning bolt I8 in a proper direction to either cause boss 9 to enter further into the cylinder 4 or come out of the cylinder 4 somewhat. This operation causes boss 9 and so leaf 8 and so the door to either be raised or lowered. This adjustment is of value even if the springs 23 and 21 are not used, that is, the hinges A and B may be applied to the door for the sole purpose of enabling a vertical adjustment to be made without the self-closing "and cushioning efiect.

Although I have particularly described a preferred physical embodiment of invention, nevertheless, I desire to have it understood that the form selected is merely illustrative, but does not 4 exhaust the possible physical embodiments of the idea of means underlying my invention.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A hinge for a door, including, in combination, a first leaf adapted to be attached .to a door frame, a second leaf adapted to be attached to a door, the first leaf including a hollow cylinder open at both ends, the second leaf being formed with-a projecting boss at one end, said boss being formed with a portion rotatably positioned within the lower end of the cylinder and with a through bore and an end face, a cap positioned at the upper end of the cylinder and formedwith a through threaded bore, said cap being formed witha flange resting on the top of the cylinder and a portion rotatably positioned.

in the cylinder, said cylinder formed with a transverse bore and said cap with a radial cavity, a locking pin in the bore and-in the cavity to prevent relative rotation of the cylinder and the cap, a threaded bolt passing through the bore in the boss with the head of the bolt resting on the end face of the boss and also threaded into the cap and a lock nut above the cap threaded onto the bolt whereby the relative positions of the door and frame may be varied longitudinally.

2. A hinge for a door, including, in combination, a first leaf adapted to be attached to a door frame, a second leaf adapted to be attached to a door, the first leaf including a hollow cylinder open at both ends and provided with a through bore in the wall thereof adjacent the top thereof, the second leaf being formed with a projecting boss at one end, said boss being formed with a portion rotatably positioned within the lower end of the cylinder and also formed with a through bore and an end face and a longitudinal cavity adapted for the reception of the end of a spring, a cap positioned at the upper end or the cylinder and formed with a through threaded bore, a flange resting on the top of the cylinder, 2. portion rotatably positioned within the cylinder, a longitudinal cavity adapted for the reception of a spring end and a plurality of radial. cavities adapted for the reception of :a pin, a helical spring within the hollow cylinder with one end in the longitudinal cavity in, the cap and the other end in the longitudinal cavity in the boss, a threaded bolt passing through the bore in the boss with the head of the bolt resting on the end face of the boss and also threaded into the cap, a lock nut on the bolt above the cap, and a pin in the through bore of the wall of the cylinder resting in one of the radial cavities in the cap.

JOSEPH RASKIN.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date Re. 6,112 Joyce Nov. 3, 1874 36,976 Acker Nov. 18, 1862 176,539 Klein Apr. 25, 1876 734,447 Valentine July 21, 1903 841,333 Madden Jan. 15, 190.7 1,127,688 Smith Feb. 9, 1915 2,493,116 Diebel Jan. 3, 1950 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 1,399 Great Britain Oct. 12, 1911 455,409 France Mar. 11, 1913 680,187 France Jan. 17, 1930 747,309 France Mar. 28, 1933 

